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Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 31
mm224.t Multitech MultiModem 224 without MNP. This dialer supports
many 2400 bps modems with little or no modification.
mm224e.t Multitech MultiModem 224E with MNP.
mmv32.t Multitech MultiModem V32 with MNP.
sm1200.t Hayes Smartmodem 1200
tb.t Telebit TrialBlazer
Selecting the proper modem type takes two steps. First the file name
for the desired dialer must be specified in your DOS (or Unix)
environment.
NB. The following must be entered without extra spaces.
EXAMPLE: C>set MODEM=mm224e.t (DOS)
EXAMPLE: $ MODEM=mm224e.t; export MODEM (Unix)
Second, the Zcomm lib string variable must be set in the setup phone
directory entry or in phones.ts.
EXAMPLE: set lib "C:/ZCOMM" (DOS)
EXAMPLE: set lib "/usr/lib/yam" (Unix default)
When setting up for a particular modem type, be sure to configure the
modem's switches and Non Volatile RAM (NVRAM) for use with ZCOMM. If
nonstandard NVRAM settings interfere with ZCOMM's initialization scrip
for that modem, you may have to manually restore the NVRAM contents to
the factory default. The supplied scripts expect to see the factory
default VERBAL RESULT CODES (not result digits).
The adial dialing script supports a number of modems under control of
the MODEM environment variable.
9.3 New and Improved Modems
Modem manufacturers are constantly refining their products, adding new
features and making subtle subtle changes in existing features.
To obtain the full performance your modem provides, you can edit
initialization strings in the dialing scripts to take advantage of new
modem features as they are developed.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 32
If your modem is not listed in one of the following subchapters,
please read all the subchapters and use the suggestions that apply to
modems similar to yours.
9.4 Pulse Dialing
If your telephone line requires rotary (pulse) dialing, set mprefix to
ATDP with a command in the setup telephone directory entry. This
procedure is detailed in Chapter 8.
9.5 MNP, V.42, X.PC, AFT
More and more modems support one or more error correcting link level
protocols such as MNP and V.42. Modem to modem link level protocols
correct most transmission errors reducing the frequency of garbled
text and file transfer retries. Modern link level protocols increase
transmission speed by eliminating start/stop bits and redundant
information.
When MNP is enabled, the calling modem sends control characters to
interrogate the answering modem for MNP. These characters can prevent
logging in to some timesharing systems, packet switched networks, and
bulletin boards. Non streaming protocols such as XMODEM, YMODEM, and
Kermit usually give faster transfers without the delays introduced by
MNP and other link level protocols. Accordingly, ZCOMM's dialing
scripts are designed to place calls with MNP disabled by default.
No modifier is used for AFT, V.42, or V.42bis link protocols. We have
not experienced log-in or throughput problems with these protocols, so
we made them the default.
The dialer scripts support one or more of the following modifiers:
/300 Force a connection at 300 bps. Dropping down to 300 bps may
be necessary to get a reliable connection in the Oregon Rain
Forest.
/1200 Force a connection at 1200 bps.
/2400 Force a 2400 bps connection.
/nop Suppress the detection of call progress reporting. This may
be used to prevent the modem from misinterpreting an unusual
ringing sound as a busy signal.
/fast Force a high speed connection (refuse a slow speed
connection).
EXAMPLE: 123-4567/fast
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 33
/man Some modems incorrectly abandon a call attempt when they
"hear" sounds they aren't programmed to understand. For
example, some TrailBlazer modems abort the call with a
spurious "NO CARRIER" message when they hear the sound of the
telephone "ringing". If that doesn't dump the call, the
TrailBlazer may dump the call when the answering modem emits
an echo suppressor disabling tone before sending the standard
Bell 103 answer tone. Under these circumstances the only
solution is to listen to the sounds yourself and tell the
modem exactly when to start listening. With the man
modifier, the modem remains in command mode after dialing the
phone number and ZCOMM enters the term function to display
messages from the modem. When you hear the called modem's
answer tone, hit F1 to exit the term function. The dialing
script then sends an "ATO" to the modem to attempt a normal
data connection. Some practice may be necessary before you
get the right timing. If you hit F1 too late the answering
modem may timeout before the modems can handshake and enter
data mode.
mnp Require MNP link level connection. Do not connect if MNP
fails.
EXAMPLE: 123-4567/mnp
/mnp_s Require MNP link level connection, use software flow
control.[1] Do not connect if MNP fails.
/a_mnp Request MNP link level connection.
/a_mnp_s Request MNP link level connection, use software flow control.
/xmodem Enable "XMODEM spoofing" on Trailblazer modems.
/kermit Enable "Kermit spoofing" on Trailblazer modems.
/v22 Use V.22 modulation (effective for 1200 bps calls).
/c:modifier Optional modem dependent modifier string
__________
1. Software flow control in the modem is not compatible with XMODEM,
YMODEM, Sealink, Clink, or WXMODEM.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 34
9.6 High Speed Modems
The new generation of high speed dial-up modems presents special
challenges to users and system integrators.
These modems transmit data at speeds from 110 to 38400 or more bits
per second. This range of speeds poses special problems communicating
between the computer and the modem. Lower speed modems examine the
traditional "AT" command prefix bit by bit to lock onto the computer's
transmission speed instantly. Many modems which recognize commands at
widely varying speeds can not use this technique. A number of
alternate techniques have been developed, each with its own advantages
and problems.
+ Lock the interface to the highest transmission rate. This avoids
the programming required to synchronize the modem's and computer's
speeds. Flow control must be used when the interface speed is
locked to prevent the computer from sending data more rapidly than
the modem can buffer and transmit it. This local flow control is
usually accomplished with hardware signals. When such an
arrangement is used to communicate over networks that must assert
their own flow control (with XON and XOFF), data flow regulation
must respond to both hardware (RTS) and software (XOFF) signals.
The handshake both command should be used whenever the modem's
interface speed is locked and transmission over networks or to
timesharing systems is desired.
Locking the interface speed to 9600 or 19200 bps while
communicating at 1200 and 2400 bps should be avoided unless all
links in the transmission path have low error rates.
Most modems do not recognize XOFF characters from the remote
computer, so characters stored in the modem's buffer will be
transmitted for a period of time after an XOFF is received. This
causes loss of data with some computer services.
When the interface speed is locked at a higher speed than the
actual data transmission, an excessive amount of data may be
stored in the modem's memory awaiting transmission. This is
inefficient when a streaming file transfer protocol is used
because the data stored in the buffer must be drained before error
recovery can commence. The ZMODEM b and w numeric parameters
should be used to manage the modem's data storage.
+ Autobaud to adjust the modem and computer speed. With this
method, the modem is optioned to enter a search mode whenever it
becomes idle. The dialing script calls the waketb phone directory
subroutine to train the modem to the computer's transmission
speed. The waketb subroutine may be optimized for the particular
modem used.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 35
After dialing or answering a call, the modem handshakes with the
remote modem and reports the connect speed with a message such as
"CONNECT 1200" or "CONNECT FAST". The dialing script recognizes
the string, and sets the computer to the correct speed. If the
connection is made at high speed, the dialing script may need to
enable hardware flow control with a handshake command.
9.7 Line Sharing with FAX Machines
Sometimes you can share a dial-in line between a modem and FAX machine
without extra hardware. Many modems have both line and phone jacks,
and they disable the phone jack when the modem is online.
Connect the modem to the line and connect the FAX machine to the
modem's phone jack. Next, determine how many rings the FAX machine
requires before answering the phone and set the modem to the same
value with the modem's S0 register. Set the modem carrier detect time
limit to 18 seconds with the modem's S7 register. When the phone
rings, both the FAX machine and modem try to pick up the phone line,
but the modem disconnects the FAX machine from the line while it
attempts to handshake. If the incoming call is for the modem, the FAX
machine will time out after about a minute. If the call is for the
FAX machine, the modem will reconnect the FAX to the phone line after
its 18 second timeout.
Your results may vary depending on the type of modem and FAX machine
you use.
EXAMPLE: call init,aa initializes a MultiTech modem to answer on the
second ring.
9.8 TELEBIT TrailBlazer
The Telebit TrailBlazer modem uses 68000 and TMS320 processors to
transmit serial data at rates up to 14000 bps over standard phone
lines. The modems also operate at speeds of 2400, 1200, 300 and
slower. The TrailBlazer is one of the most complex modems to fully
exploit, a worthy challenge for a TurboDialTm script. Set the MODEM
environment variable to tb.t to support the TrailBlazer's MNP, speed
and flow control features.
Before making calls, use the init phone entry to initialize the
modem's non volatile memory with proper settings for ZCOMM.
EXAMPLE: call init
Telebit modems feature protocol spoofing to increase the performance
of traditional file transfer protocols such as XMODEM, Kermit and
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 36
UUCP. This spoofing interferes with other protocols, slowing or
preventing file transfers. ZMODEM provides optimum file transfer
speeds with these modems. ZMODEM avoids interference with the modem's
flow control. This posting is intended for those who use Pro-Yam for
access to Xenix/Vpix with wyse 60 terminal emulation mode. These modem
register settings are in use on a Telebit T1000 calling a Telebit
trailblazer modem. The host modem has register 58=3 (xon/xoff). While
these may not be the optimal settings.. they work !!.
E1 F1 M1 Q0 T V1 W0 X1 Y0 &P0 &T4 Version FA2.00
S00:010 S01=000 S02=043 S03=013 S04=010 S05=008 S06=002 S07:045
S08=002 S09=006 S10=007 S11=070 S12=050 S18=000 S25=005 S38:020
S41=000 S45:255 S47=004 S48:001 S49=000 S50=000 S51=255 S52:002
S54:003 S55=000 S56=017 S57=019 S58:002 S59=000 S60=000 S61=150
S62=003 S63=001 S64=000 S65=000 S66=000 S67=000 S68=255 S69=000
S90=000 S91=000 S92:001 S94=001 S95:002 S96=001 S100=000 S101=000
S104=000 S111=255 S112=001 S121=000 S130:000 S131:001 S255=001
Courtesy Dr. Adam Orden
9.9 MultiTech MultiModem V32
This modem adds 9600 bps V.32 to the MM224e.
9.10 MultiTech MultiModem 224E
Set the MODEM environment variable to mm224e.t to support the MM224E's
MNP, speed and flow control features.
Set dip switch 1 on the bottom of the modem to up (DTR Normal), the
reverse of the factory setting. For high speed operation, CTS flow
control should be enabled with internal switches and jumpers.
Before making calls, use the init phone entry[2] to initialize the
modem's non volatile memory with proper settings for ZCOMM.
EXAMPLE: call init
This disables automatic error correction under mnp. If you wish to
enable this setting by default, merely type, from the terminal mode,
'AT &E1 &W', and the 'OK' which will ensue tells you that the command
was accepted and stored in non-volatile memory.
The init script also disables MNP compression. MNP compression slows
transfers of compressed files. If you do not transfer many compressed
files, change the &E14 in the init script to &E15.
__________
2. Information courtesy Earle Robinson
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 37
9.11 MultiTech MultiModem 224
Set the MODEM environment variable to mm224.t to support the MM224.
9.12 U.S. Robotics Courier 2400e
Unlike most medium and high speed modems, the Courier 2400e does not
recognize the computer's transmission speed when given "AT" commands.
Set the MODEM environment variable to c2400e.t to support the C2400E.
This modem should be initialized with the init entry in the telephone
directory. Switch settings are off, off, on, off, on, off, off, on,
on, off.
9.13 U S Robotics HST Dual Standard
The init phone directory entry should be run to initialize the HST
properly.
The HST firmware design requires the MNP DTE speed set in the first
script line of hst.t to match the speed used in initmodem If you wish
to change the interface speed, the speed must be changed in both
places.
When making MNP calls to CompuServe and certain other modems, a /2400
modifier may be required with some HST firmware versions to correct a
MNP4 compatibility problem.
EXAMPLE: compuserve speed 2400 123-4567/mnp/2400
9.14 Hayes Ultra Smartmodem 9600
Set the MODEM environment variable to hu96.t to support the modem's
MNP and flow control features. This modem should be initialized with
the init entry in the telephone directory. The V.42 link level error
control is enabled by default because it does not appear to interfere
with connections to modems not supporting V.42.
9.15 Hayes Smartmodem V9600
This modem should be initialized with the init entry in the telephone
directory. The AFT link level is enabled by default because it does
not appear to interfere with connections to modems not supporting AFT.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 38
9.16 Hayes Smartmodem 2400
The Hayes Smartmodem 2400 presents the same considerations as the
Smartmodem 1200 described below. Unlike the 1200, the 2400 uses a non
volatile memory to store configuration parameters instead of the
switches used in earlier models. The sequence AT&C1 &D2 &R1 &S1 &T5
&W should be sent to the modem to set normal operation for DCD, DTR,
CTS, and DSR. The T5 command disables remote loopback request, a
source of failed file transfers on noisy lines. Finally, the &W
command writes this information to the non volatile memory. Please
consult your Hayes manual for more information on these commands.
9.17 Hayes Smartmodem 1200
Set the MODEM environment variable to sm1200.t to support the
Smartmodem 1200 and similar 1200 bps modems. Some modems may require
a change in the X1 command to a higher Xn digit for proper autobaud
operation.
The Smartmodem 1200(TM) should be configured as follows by setting
S1-S8, located under the front panel. These switches may be accessed
by gently prying the ears of the front bezel, allowing the bezel to
pop off the front of the unit.
S1 Up Support DTR Lead
S2 Up Verbal result codes (Verbose) [3]
S3 Down Result codes are sent
S4 Up Echoes characters in command state
S5 Down Modem does not answer calls initially
S6 Up Carrier Detect line reads status
S7 ???? See Hayes manual
S8 Down Enables Smartmodem 1200 command recognition
The modem cable should connect the following RS-232 circuits: AA BA BB
AB CF CD which use pins 1,2,3,7,8, and 20 on the Hayes modem. Some
programs require pins 5 and 6 connected to the modem.
NOTE: Some Hayes modems require mprefix to be in upper case only.
"Hayes Compatible" modems not manufactured by Hayes generally work
with the same mprefix, but some of the other modem control strings
that appear in the distributed PHODIR.t file may not work properly
with a particular brand of modem.
__________
3. If other options are necessary (to support other software) a
custom dial routine may be used as described in Chapter 99.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 39
9.18 Microcom AX9624c
Microcom AX modems have a configuration switch to select Hayes style
"AT" commands. The AX/9624c front dip switch should be set 1, 4, 6, 7
UP, 2, 3, 5, 8 DOWN, and A/S OUT (asynchronous). The rear switches
are all UP. Of all these switches, it is vital that front switch 2 be
DOWN (AT commands) and rear switch 6 be UP; the init script should
override the others.
Set the MODEM environment variable to ax9624.t to support the Microcom
AX9624's MNP and flow control features. Before making calls, use the
init phone entry to initialize the modem's non volatile memory with
proper settings for ZCOMM.
EXAMPLE: call init
9.19 Microcom SX Series
Older Microcom SX series modems have a unique command set incompatible
with Hayes modems. Careful attention must be paid to flow control
issues to obtain reliable operation. When using XMODEM or other
protocols, the modem must be set to pass all 8 bits and all 256 code
combinations of those 8 bits. The dialsx script sets the modem to
"transparent software flow control" as described in Chapter 14.
Change the line
set mcommand "gosub dial"
to
set mcommand "gosub dialsx"
in the setup telephone directory entry.
9.20 Prometheus ProModem 1200
The following switch setting works with ZCOMM: 1-4,6,9 on; 5,7,8,10
off.[4] A custom "dial" script can be written to operate this modem in
its native mode.
__________
4. Prometheus mode does not work with ZCOMM's built-in dialing
software because the "DIAL COMPLETED" message makes ZCOMM think
it's seen "CONNECT" (ZCOMM looks for a "T").
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 40
9.21 Standard 103/212
The supplied "dial" script will present the number to the user and
wait for a success/fail response if the mprefix string parameter is
set empty. Alternatively, one could change the script to loop waiting
for carrier detect while the keyboard is inactive. The Data Set Ready
(DSR) signal may be connected to the modem's speed detect output (high
for 1200 bps, low for 300) allowing the dr test condition to sample
the DSR line to determine the speed of the incoming call.
9.22 Data Race BMX
These modems have a switch selected interface speed, an AT style
command set, and switch options for software or hardware flow control.
Recommended settings are: AT commands, Dialup, 8 bit data (down),
disable XON (7 and 8 down), Echo on. ZCOMM's handshake on command
should be used.
9.23 Strange Modems
Most intelligent modems can be commanded to autodial with a suitable
mprefix and msuffix string. Those modems that won't work with a
particular mprefix can be programmed with a custom "dial" script. If
the modem can be configured to reset to a known condition when DTR is
turned off, programming is usually straightforward.
Otherwise, the script must determine what speed the modem is set to,
and then, at its present speed, command the modem to change to the
desired speed. The essential requirement is to write a script that
controls the modem and responds to its state. The information on
scripts in Chapter 99 should prove useful.
9.24 Manual Dialing with Smart Modems
Some hotels and exotic locales sport telephone systems with unusual
dialing requirements. It may be necessary to dial the call with the
telephone, talk to an operator, and then activate the modem. With
Hayes compatible modems, an ATD command may be given to the modem to
connect it to the line and attempt a data handshake.
9.25 Direct Connection
ZCOMM works well communicating with locally connected microcomputers,
minicomputers, or mainframes with direct RS-232 connections. For such
applications, only transmit and receive data data lines need be
connected to the computer. The Carrier Detect line[5] should be
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Unleashing the MODEM
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 41
driven ON (+5 volts) to prevent noise on this line by strapping it to
Data Terminal Ready [6] if no other signal is available.
For best high speed operation, replace 8250 or 16450 UART chips with
the NS16550AN chip. ZCOMM enables the hardware buffering on this chip
to avoid data loss caused by TSR programs, special device drivers,
extended memory disks or caches, and DOS clock interrupts.
______________________________________________________________________
5. Pin 8 on 25 pin RS-232 connector, pin 1 on PC-AT 9 pin connector.
6. Pin 20 on RS-232 connector, pin 4 on PC-AT 9 pin connector.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 9 Tutorial Introduction
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 42
10. HANDS ON TUTORIAL
As a first order of business, run the demonstration program by typing
ZCOMMDEMO at the DOS prompt. The demo asks certain questions about
your system, and then allows you to exercise a few of ZCOMM's features
from a menu. It's a good way to get a first "feel" for ZCOMM before
getting down to business with the industrial strength software you
will be using.
Remember to turn off the CAPS LOCK key when running ZCOMM.
ASSUMPTIONS: In addition to the minimum hardware requirements for
ZCOMM, this tutorial assumes the use of a Hayes Smartmodem 1200 (or
equivalent) connected to the COM1 port in accordance with the
instructions in Chapter 9. The tutorial assumes that ZCOMM.EXE,
YHP.EXE, UMANH.HLP, and PHODIR.t are copied to the root directory of
your working disk, and that ZCOMM.EXE has been serialized with the
putsnp program. If your system configuration is different, you will
have to read the manual carefully to learn how to adjust for your
configuration.
After typing ZCOMM from the DOS prompt to load ZCOMM, type F10 to
activate the flash-up help processor. Browse through it to
familiarize yourself with the information available via the F10 (help)
key.
To make a call without using a directory entry, type speed 1200 (or
whatever) and then the phone number:
speed 1200 123-4567
The modem then dials the number. When you are connected, ZCOMM will
return to its command prompt. Keyboard F2 to begin talking with the
remote. Give some commands to the remote until several screens' worth
of text have scrolled by.
Now press the PgUp function key. The screen will now display text
that had scrolled off before. Use the PgUp, Home, PgDn, and End
function keys to move around in the review buffer.
Look for a moderately interesting nugget of wisdom, and use the up
arrow and down arrow function keys on the numeric keypad to place the
interesting part at the top of the screen.
Hit "t" to set the top marker. This causes all the text to display in
high intensity. Now move down using the down arrow key to place the
first line of unwanted text at the top of the screen.
Hit the "b" key to set the bottom pointer. This will change the
displayed text back to normal intensity.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 10 Tutorial Introduction
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 43
Now hit "w" and ZCOMM will prompt for a filename to write to. Type
the filename followed by <ENTER>, and ZCOMM will write the selected
data. When the write operation is finished, the screen will redisplay
the text.
When you have the feel of it, type F1 to return to the term function
and conversational connection to the remote computer.
The demonstration disk circular buffer search/cut/paste menu choice
demonstrates many of the review subcommands.
Next, log off the remote computer. When it drops the line, ZCOMM
displays No Carrier Detect in reverse video to announce that the
connection has been lost. At this time you are still in the term
function.
Hit F1 to return to ZCOMM's command prompt. Then type "off<ENTER>" to
disconnect the modem and exit back to the operating system.
Now is a good time to read the rest of the manual to discover the
power of ZCOMM. Chapter 10 presents some unusual sessions
demonstrating more of ZCOMM's capabilities.
10.1 Sample Sessions
Direct connection to COM2 at 19kb
unix port 2 speed 19200 source 101.mk; t
| | | |
| | | Map keyboard, Invoke term function
| | ___ Set 19200 bits per second
| ______________ Select port COM2
_________________________ System name
Typical bulletin board
rcpm port 1 speed 1200 123-4567 t -8g
| | | | |
| | | | _ Term function, graphics
| | | _______ Number to call
| | __________________ 1200 baud
| _________________________ Select COM1
____________________________________ System name
A Not so Typical Session
The example below assumes a Hayes modem connected to a radio receiver
tuned to the W1AW ASCII bulletins. Refer to a recent issue of QST
Magazine for a W1AW schedule. to select the best signal. Usually,
the error rate is lowest when receiving a strong signal near the
Maximum Useable Frequency (MUF). Set the radio for Upper Sideband
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 10 Sample Sessions
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 44
(USB) reception. Tune it so the resulting audio frequencies make the
RD (Received Data) light turn on about 50 percent of the time. Reset
the modem by powering it down before attempting regular calls.
w1aw speed 110 putw "ATS10=255 C0 H2 D\r" t -v
| | |
| | -v prints control chars
| | as ^C so they won't
| | erase the screen, etc.
| Ignore Carrier Detect, Carrier Off, Special Off
| Hook (Don't close relay), Originate, Online
|________ W1AW ASCII transmissions are at 110 bps
A>ZCOMM call unix Connect to a local system named unix
jabber jabber ... Login to system, change directory
<ALT-2>Command: Get a ZCOMM command prompt
sz prg?.? prghlp.mm Upload some files
jabber jabber ...
sz *.c *.h Download some source files
Receiving ... ZMODEM AutoDownload accepts them
kermit -ix Start the Unix Kermit server
<F1>>>>c: Get ZCOMM's command prompt
remote dir Get a directory listing
Directory... Directory listing on screen
get f2 Get (fetch) a file
f2 Open ... File arrives
send myfile Send myfile to server
finish Finish server access
t Enter term function
kermit send f1 Start a Kermit file transfer
f1 Open... File is received AUTOMAGICALLY!
jabber jabber ... Log off local system
<F1>>>>c: Get ZCOMM's command prompt
port 1 Select modem on COM1
call rcpm Dial a system called "rcpm"
jabber jabber ... Keyboarding with remote
<Home> Review function at top of text
/to superhacker Search for beginning of message to you
t Set top pointer
/to j. fred muggs Search for beginning of next message
b Set bottom pointer
w Write selected text to a disk file
<F1> Return to term function
E<ENTER> Tell the rcpm to enter a message
<ALT-2>Command: Get a ZCOMM command prompt
open -pt letter Open "letter" and send to bbs, using
prompt and throttle modes to slow
transmission so the remote system won't
drop characters.
dir Find out what files are on the RCPM
xmodem s foo.bqr Command RCPM to download a file
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 10 Sample Sessions
Version 17.78 TurboDial 2.35 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 45
<ALT-2>Command: Get a ZCOMM command prompt
rc foo.bqr Download a file with XMODEM/CRC
PgUp PgUp ... Flip back to the first part of
directory previously listed
<ENTER> Back to term function
xmodem s dr.who Download a critical file
<ALT-2>Command: Get a ZCOMM command prompt
rc \misc\dr.who Download the file
jabber jabber ... More keyboarding, logoff
<F1>>>>c: Get ZCOMM's command prompt
Connect the modem to the radio's audio and tune in W1AW
create rtty.tmp Create a disk file for the bulletins
call w1aw
bleep twort sneep Static on the radio - pure line hits until
W1AW is received while sending ASCII
<F2>k Review/k command clears the buffer
QST DE W1AW ...
END ... AR
<ALT-C> Close the capture file
<F1>>>>c:off Return to DOS
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 10 Accessing Computer Systems
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11. ACCESSING COMPUTER SYSTEMS
11.1 Dialing
Once you modem is interfaced per Chapter 9, you can connect to a
remote system with the call command referencing an entry in your
telephone directory.
EXAMPLE: call kgbvax
If a telephone directory entry has not been set up, TurboLearn(TM) may
be invoked to dial a phone number and then learn your login procedure
by keyboarding the F4 key. You may choose to add the resulting script
to your telephone directory, or retain it as a separate file acessible
with the source command. Please refer to the learn command in Chapter
19.
If you just want to call a number without ZCOMM learning anything,
just type the telephone number from the command prompt already.[1]
EXAMPLE: 123-4567
When the modem connects, ZCOMM returns to the command prompt. You can
then keyboard the F2 key to connect your keyboard to the remote
system. If you wish to use "bulletin board graphics", use t -8g
instead.
11.2 Telenet/PC-Pursuit
For best results, identify with D1 when Telenet asks for your terminal
type. This selection prevents the network from adding padding
characters, which are just a waste of time with ZCOMM.
To use XMODEM, YMODEM, Telink, and other traditional protocols on PC
Pursuit, type
SET 1:0,4:2,5:0,7:8,12:0
after connecting to the PC-Pursuit target city. This command prevents
Telenet from "eating" control characters or breaking the connection
when files containing certain patterns are transmitted. This command
disables Telenet's "<ENTER>@<ENTER>" escape.
For ZMODEM or Sliding Windows Kermit a better alternatitive is:
__________
1. You may wish to add the /mnp modifier described in Chapter 9.
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SET 4:2,5:1,12:1
Please refer to Chapter 14 for network flow control considerations.
11.3 Tymnet
If using Tymnet, type Ctrl-R Ctrl-X just before the host computer name
to enable software flow control with XOFF and XON characters. "Half
Duplex" may be activated with Ctrl-H. Check with your network's
documentation for further details or updates to this information.
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12. FILE NAMES Good and Bad
The pathnames of downloaded files must be legal PC-DOS file names as
described in The File Specification in chapter 2 of the PC-DOS manual.
When choosing file names, remember that PC-DOS does not distinguish
between uppercase and lowercase characters in pathnames.
The Compuserve-B, ZMODEM, YMODEM, and Kermit protocols use pathnames
generated by the sending program. File names transmitted from other
systems may not be legal for DOS, or they may reference directories
that cannot be created.[1]
When ZCOMM receives a pathname from the sending program, ZCOMM first
checks for the existence of a file with the same name. If no such
file is found, ZCOMM attempts to open the named file for writing. If
the file cannot be created because directories specified in the
pathname do not exist, ZCOMM attempts to create the directories. A
pathname that cannot be opened for reading or writing is considered
illegal.
EXAMPLE: foo..bar is illegal for DOS because it contains two dots.
An Illegal pathname is translated to name.NNN where name is the
filename portion of the given file name restricted to 8 characters,
and NNN is an assigned three digit number starting with 001 and
incremented after each file download. If a file with this new name
already exists, the number is incremented up to 999, until a unique
file name is found. The open fails if a unique number cannot be
found.
EXAMPLE: A downloaded file with the name newprog.patch.1 might
actually be downloaded as newprog.001.
This check for illegal file names is made whenever ZCOMM attempts to
create an output file.
EXAMPLE: t foo.bar.baz given from the command prompt would invoke file
name translation.
__________
1. A cirectory cannot be created if a regular file with the same
pathname is present.
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12.1 Pathname Translations
Files affected by the dirrx, dircx and dirpx string variables have
their directory paths and/or device specifier stripped if the string
variable ends in a "/". Otherwise a file specification with an
absolute path overrides the string variable. The pathname of the
incoming file is checked before any of these transformations, allowing
a host system to place all files received with a protocol in a private
directory.
EXAMPLE: C>set DIRRX=C:/download
places files received with a protocol in the download directory on
drive C unless the file specification included an absolute path or
device letter.
dirrx File Stored Location
(empty) any (same)
C:/a f C:/a/f
C:/a /f /f
C:/a A:f A:f
C:/a/ f C:/a/f
C:/a/ /f C:/a/f
C:/a/ A:f C:/a/f
Parameter Affected commands
dirrx r{bcotwx7}, fget, get, bdump, usq, ZMODEM/Kermit
AutoDownload
dirsx s{bctx7}, send, B protocol sends[2]
dircx create, t, message, private, >, bro/a
ap[d] (2nd argument)
dirpx review/w
dirfx f, open
To show the possible pathname translations, consider the pathmame:
A:/spy/kgb/sabotage/666 sent between two copies of ZCOMM with the
ZMODEM protocol.
The sending program command: sz A:/spy/kgb/sabotage/666 sends the file
name 666.
The command sz -f A:/spy/kgb/sabotage/666 sends the complete pathname
/spy/kgb/sabotage/666.
__________
2. If the dirsx parameter is set, ambiguous or wild card file names
cannot be used.
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The command sz ONAME=hogwash A:/spy/kgb/sabotage/666 sends the
pathname hogwash.
sz PREFIX=C:/fbi/security/intelligence A:/spy/kgb/sabotage/666
sends the pathname C:/fbi/security/intelligence/666. Note that a disk
identifier (C:) is being sent.
On reception with ZMODEM AutoDownload or the rz command, the last
example (C:/fbi/security/intelligence/666) would normally be stored
under that exact pathname, creating the directories C:/fbi,
C:/fbi/security, and C:/fbi/security/intelligence if needed.
If the dirrx string variable had contained C:/downloads the incoming
drive specifier would still have overidden the dirrx specification.
If the dirrx string variable had contained C:/ollie/to_do/ the file
would have ended up as C:/ollie/to_do/666 to the consternation of all.
The command rz foobar could have been used to rename this file to
foobar in the current directory.
The oncloserx and onclosetx string parameters may be used to specify
commands to execute after each file received or sent with file
transfer protocols. Their use is described in Chapter 13.
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13. PROTOCOL FILE TRANSFERS
With many different ways to transfer files with ZCOMM, your choice of
file transfer methods could make the difference between efficient,
error free data and slow or error prone transfers. This chapter gives
an overview of the different ways to transfer files with emphasis on
their relative merits.
A file transfer protocol should have high integrity (assurance of
accurate data) and high robustness (low probability of aborting a
transfer).
The following subchapters discuss these file transfer methods in more
detail.
13.1 ZMODEM-90
ZMODEM was developed for the public domain under contract by Telenet,
a major packet switched network. ZMODEM-90(TM) is a refinement of
ZMODEM with increased performance, reliability and compatibility with
a wider variety of environments.
ZMODEM provides a greatly simplified user interface. The file name is
entered once, and transfer options may be given to the sending
program, even those that apply to the receiver. ZMODEM
AutoDownload(TM) allows menu and mouse driven programs to download
files and commands with no extra keyboarding required.
ZMODEM transfers one or more files with a single command. The size
and transfer time for each file is displayed, and the total number of
files, size, and transmission time is displayed when more than one
file remains to be sent on a command.
Keyboarding ALT-F allows the receiver to bypass an individual file
without having to restart the batch.
ZMODEM transfers both files and commands. Command download allows one
of the computers to take positive control of the session. A security
challenge (activated by ZMODEM AutoDownload(TM)) guards against Trojan
Horse messages.*
ZMODEM file transfers can preserve the file date and the exact file
contents, unlike traditional protocols that append garbage to files.
Streaming transmission provides full throughput over satellite links
and packet switched networks. One of three ZMODEM streaming control
methods may be used with systems that allow the sender to monitor the
received data for error correction packets without interrupting
transmission. ZMODEM's "block length" is the entire file!
Individually acknowledged packets support other systems.
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ZMODEM allows programs to adjust the protocol parameters for optimum
efficiency as the file is being sent. ZMODEM-90 allows programs to
adjust character encoding for best results with a variety of systems.
Some programs support ZMODEM compression for even faster file
transfers under appropriate conditions with the Z file transfer option
(q.v.).
ZMODEM is immune to conditions that prevent reliable, accurate file
transfers with traditional protocols:
+ ZMODEM data transfers are protected by the Federal Standard 32 bit
CRC to assure reliable transfers. This 32 bit CRC gives an
undetected error rate five orders of magnitude better than XMODEM's
16 bit CRC, and more than a billion times better than checksum
XMODEM. ZMODEM uses 16 bit CRC for file transfers with programs
that do not support 32 bit CRC.
+ Most important, all ZMODEM protocol transactions are protected by
CRC. Other protocols advertising 16 or 32 bit CRC sometimes fail
under stress because critical control messages are not CRC
protected.
If you've ever been disconnected when a huge file transfer was almost
finished, you'll appreciate resuming/recovering the file transfer with
ZMODEM Crash Recovery (ZMODEM r option.) Omen Technology Inc's
Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM) guards against file corruption during
Crash Recovery operations.
You can use the ZMODEM n option to transfer only those files that have
changed since the last time they were transferred. With the p option,
you can unconditionally protect files that already exist on the
destination system. To update only the files you already have while
skipping the rest, use the Yn options.
To send a file with ZMODEM, the command sz file1 can be given from
either the main command prompt, or from the term function via a
secondary command prompt obtained with ALT-2. Multiple files and wild
cards may be used.
EXAMPLE: sz file1 file2 *.lst
13.1.1 ZMODEM AutoDownload If Z mode has been enabled (the default),
ZCOMM's term function will detect a ZMODEM transmission and receive
the file(s) automatically, after a security check. File transfer
options for ZMODEM automatic downloads may be specified with the
adlopts string parameter.
The rz command may be also given from a command prompt.
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Please refer to the sz and zcommand commands described in Chapter 19
for examples and information.
Rz and sz programs for Unix and VAX/VMS are available in rzsz.zoo and
rzsz.tlb.
13.1.2 Tuning ZMODEM Parameters Chapter 24.2 describes a number of
ZMODEM numeric parameters which may be adjusted for extraordinary
situations, or to fine tune the last 0.1 per cent of possible
performance.
The ZMODEM subpacket length (zmodem L parameter) and the ZMODEM frame
length (zmodem l parameter) deserve special mention. People tend to
confuse these with the familiar 128 and 1024 byte block length used in
XMODEM transfers.
When a ZMODEM frame length of 0 is specified (the default), a single
frame will span the entire file if there are no errors. This is the
main source of ZMODEM's reputation for fast transfers.
Setting the ZMODEM frame length to a number between 64 and 16384
restricts the frame length to that value. At the end of each frame,
the sender stops sending and waits for an acknowledgement from the
receiver. When set, the ZMODEM frame length corresponds in function
to the 128 or 1024 byte block length of XMODEM based protocols.
Each ZMODEM frame consists of one or more subpackets of 32 to 1024
bytes. Since the subpackets within a frame are sent without pause, a
short subpacket length does not exact the terrible throughput penalty
associated with short XMODEM and Kermit blocks. In the absence of
transmission errors, a 256 byte subpacket length has about two per
cent more overhead than a 1024 byte subpacket length. However, the
longer subpacket length does increase error recovery time.
ZCOMM dynamically adjusts the ZMODEM subpacket length on the basis of
transmission speed and observed error rate. If you know what the
error rate on a particular call will be before starting a ZMODEM file
transfer, setting the zmodem L numeric parameter will provide a small
but noticeable improvement in performance, with 1024 best for clean
lines and smaller numbers better for noisy lines.
When sending files over noisy phone lines not involving networks, the
speed of error recovery may be increased by decreasing the values of
the ZMODEM t and p numeric parameters.
Information about YMODEM and ZMODEM protocol internals is provided in
ymodem.doc and zmodem.doc, part of Omen Technology's ZMODEM
Developer's Collection.
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13.1.3 MobyTurbo Standard ZMODEM escapes network control characters.
This causes a slight drop in throughput when sending compressed files.
When transferring compressed files over circuits that pass all 256 8
bit codes, Moby Turbo(TM) may be used to optimize speed. MobyTurbo
increases transfer speed without sacrificing ZMODEM flexibility or
robustness.
MobyTurbo is activated with the m option. The m option may be used
with the sz or rz command.
EXAMPLE: sz -m *.zip
MobyTurbo may be used with ZMODEM AutoDownloads by adding the m option
to the adlopts string.
EXAMPLE: set adlopts m
13.1.4 Receiver Window Size Override ZMODEM-90(TM) allows the
receiver to specify the window size, with the Wn option, overriding
the sender's window size.
SEE ALSO: Wn option
13.1.5 Almost 8 bit Environments The e and m options may be used in
conjunction with the xmtxesc and zmrxesc string parameters may to
specify one or more control characters which cannot be passed over the
serial line.
SEE ALSO: zmtxesc, zmrxesc string parameters for details
13.1.6 7 Bit Environments ZMODEM-90 automatically detects 7 bit
environments and adjusts accordingly. If the environment is known to
be 7 bits, use the E option to guarantee 7 bit compatibility in
minimum time.
EXAMPLE: sz -E file.doc
When transferring files with a large number of bytes with the 8th bit
set, the P ("pack") option may be used to optimize 7 bit encoding.
EXAMPLE: sz -P zipfile.zip
13.1.7 Manual ABORT If a ZMODEM transfer fails abruptly under
exceptional conditions the program on the remote machine may be
manually terminated by repeatedly typing Ctrl-X characters at it until
the program exits.
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13.2 XMODEM Family Protocols
13.2.1 TRUE YMODEM(TM) Developed in 1981, YMODEM is finding its way
into many communications programs. With Omen Technology's Enhanced
Data Recovery(TM), YMODEM gives excellent efficiency, integrity, and
good robustness in many applications.
True YMODEM transfers one or more files in a batch, without alteration
or added garbage characters. True YMODEM also preserves the file date
across multiple time zones. ZCOMM and the Unix(TM) rb and sb programs
preserve the file modification date.[1]
13.2.2 YMODEM-1k The sb k option (1024 byte blocks) may be used to
enhance throughput, especially when using timesharing systems,
satellite links, or packet networks that can support the longer
blocks.
EXAMPLE: sb -k *.c *.h sends all .c and .h files in the current
directory with 1024 byte blocks.[2]
YMODEM and YMODEM-1k transfers can be received with the rb or F3
commands.
YMODEM file transfers with Unix and VMS systems are discussed later in
this chapter.
Some programs claim to support YMODEM but actually use XMODEM with
1024 byte blocks. These programs do not meet the YMODEM Minimum
Requirements defined by the YMODEM protocol.
One can use ZCOMM's XMODEM sx -k and rc commands with these
traditional programs.
13.2.3 YMODEM with OverThruster YMODEM and YMODEM-1k file
downloading from networks and timesharing systems is slowed by
response times. This slowing may be significant even when 1k blocks
are used. With some systems, one can speed up YMODEM downloads by
using the o option with the rb command to receive the file. Because
OverThruster(TM) defeats error recovery, a line hit will usually abort
a download. OverThruster(TM) may be used with X.PC or MNP error
__________
1. Controlled by the d and z numeric parameters
2. ZCOMM switches to 128 byte blocks at the end of a file when the
length warrants.
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correcting link level protocols.
EXAMPLE: rb -o
SEE ALSO: O numeric parameter
13.2.4 XMODEM-1k The XMODEM-1k protocol transfers one file per
command with 1024 byte blocks and a nominal 16 bit CRC. The file name
must be entered for both the sender and the receiver. Programs
lacking ZCOMM's Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM) logic are less likely to
transfer data accurately under marginal conditions. XMODEM's use of
every possible 8 bit code limit its effectiveness in many
applications.
The end of the file may be padded by up to 127 or 1023[3] garbage
characters.
To send a file with XMODEM-1k: sx -k file1
To receive a file with XMODEM-1k: rc file1
13.2.5 XMODEM-CRC (with fallback) The XMODEM-CRC protocol transfers
one file per command. The XMODEM-CRC protocol requires the receiving
program to initiate an XMODEM-CRC transfer.
The file name must be entered for both the sender and the receiver.
Even with CRC-16, programs lacking ZCOMM's Cybernetic Data
Recovery(TM) are less likely to transfer data under marginal
conditions. XMODEM-CRC's short data blocks and use of every possible
8 bit code limit its effectiveness in many applications.
The end of the file may be padded by up to 127 garbage characters.
To send a file with XMODEM (or XMODEM-CRC): sx file1
To receive a file with XMODEM-CRC: rc file1
13.2.6 Classic XMODEM The original MODEM protocol, developed by Ward
Christensen, is supported by a large and growing number of programs
operating on a variety of micros and minis. The base level XMODEM
protocol gives good results when used over low error rate direct
telephone connections. XMODEM's short data blocks and use of every
possible 8 bit code preclude its application in many environments.
__________
3. Some programs (including ZCOMM) limit this padding to 127 bytes.
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File transfers with this protocol add up to 127 garbage characters to
transferred files. The XMODEM protocol can transfer one file per
command. The file name must be entered at both the sender and the
receiver.
To send a file with XMODEM: sx file1
To receive a file with Classic XMODEM: rx file1
13.2.7 Relaxed XMODEM ZCOMM's XMODEM and YMODEM support has been
optimized for maximum reliability with a wide variety of systems under
a wide variety of conditions.
The default XMODEM and YMODEM timeout parameterss are "relaxed"
timings. They rarely need to be lengthened except under the most
sluggish of conditions. The zmodem t, T, and p numeric parameters
(q.v.) control timeouts for XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM. The default
values allow 10 seconds for a packet to appear and a 10 second pause
within a packet before starting error recovery.
EXAMPLE: zmodem pt200 pp150 :: Set more relaxed X/Y/ZMODEM timing
For best reliability, Omen Technology does not recommend tightening
these timings for XMODEM and YMODEM transfers on noisy lines.
13.2.8 XMODEM with OverThruster XMODEM file downloading from
networks and timesharing systems is slowed by short blocks and long
response times. With some systems, one can speed up downloads by
using the ro command to receive the file. Because OverThruster(TM)
defeats error recovery, a line hit will usually abort a download.
With nearly error free connections, one can save enough time from the
increased throughput to make up for the failed transfers.
OverThruster(TM) may be used with X.PC or MNP error correcting link
level protocols.
EXAMPLE: ro file1
EXAMPLE: rb -o
SEE ALSO: O numeric parameter
13.2.9 YMODEM-g: Traditional Overdrive The proliferation of error
correcting modems has sparked a proliferation of YMODEM-g programs,
more and more of which actually meet minimal YMODEM protocol
specifications.
YMODEM-g transmits 0 or more files per batch with an ACK-less variant
of YMODEM-1k. The sender does not wait for individual data blocks to
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be acknowledged, allowing high speed transfers with error correcting
modems.
YMODEM-g assumes an error free communications channel. A single
transmission error or character lost because of DOS or TSR interrupt
latency ruins the entire transfer, and YMODEM-g does not support Crash
Recovery(TM).
ZCOMM supports True YMODEM-g with the sb and rb -g commands.
EXAMPLE: sb *.old Sends files in the current directory with YMODEM or
YMODEM-g protocol. The receiver controls whether YMODEM or YMODEM-g
is used for the transfer.
EXAMPLE: rb -g Receives with YMODEM-g protocol.
13.2.10 XMODEM Mutants Misrepresented as YMODEM Despite continuing
education efforts, a few lazy software providers insist on identifying
their mutant XMODEM protocols as "ymodem". They choose to ignore the
definition of YMODEM that Ward Christensen wrote when he coined the
term YMODEM in his April 1985 message:
(a) a record 0 containing filename date time and size
(b) a 1K block size option
(c) CRC-16.
In case of questions, please refer to ymodem.doc, part of yzmodem.zoo
(yzmodem.arc) for for the official YMODEM protocol. (Available in
Omen's ZMODEM Developer's Collection.)
13.2.11 Qmodem-G/Streaming XMODEM The Qmodem program and certain
bulletin boards provide an ACKless XMODEM mutant protocol selected
with the Qmodem G protocol menu choice.
The sx and rx -g commands support this mutant XMODEM.
EXAMPLE: rx -g qmodem.fil
13.2.12 WXMODEM (People-Link) ZCOMM supports WXMODEM protocol
downloads with the rw command. On the People-Link timesharing
service, WXMODEM downloads are faster than XMODEM downloads.
Throughput, reliability, accuracy, and amenities are not as good as
ZMODEM or SuperKermit, but neither of these protocols are currently
available on that system. WXMODEM adds up to 127 garbage bytes to
transferred files. Omen Technology does not recommend WXMODEM for use
over noisy phone lines.
EXAMPLE: rw file1
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13.2.13 MODEM7 Batch The MODEM7 batch protocol passes CP/M file
names from the sending program to the receiver one character at a
time. The compatibility, throughput, and reliability problems of this
kluge prompted the development of YMODEM. Nonetheless, when it
becomes necessary to transfer files with a program lacking more
advanced protocols, MODEM7 batch is better than nothing.
File names transmitted with the MODEM7 batch protocol must obey the
restrictions of both 8 bit CP/M and DOS. The f option cannot be used
with MODEM7 batch. Data transfer within MODEM7 batch uses XMODEM
protocol, and all of XMODEM's weaknesses discussed above apply to
MODEM7 batch. MODEM7 batch does not preserve the modification date or
exact file contents.
EXAMPLE: s7 file1.ext *.baz sends files with MODEM7 batch.
EXAMPLE: r7 receives one or more files with MODEM7 batch.
13.2.14 Telink/FIDO The Telink protocol expands upon the MODEM7
batch kluge with a specially formatted block containing the length of
the file and the local DOS time and date. All of the MODEM7 batch
compatibility and reliability problems apply to Telink.[4] The zmodem
Z numeric parameter or the z file transfer option may be used to
correct the time/date stamping of files transferred between different
time zones.
EXAMPLE: zmodem pZ120; st file1.ext *.baz Sends the specified files
with a 2 hour time zone adjustment.
EXAMPLE: rt -z60 Receives one or more files with a 60 minute time zone
adjustment.
13.2.15 SEAlink When transferring files with the CLINK 1.13
compatible programs, ZCOMM's rb and sb commands recognize SEAlink's
modified Telink protocol. The rb command allows a transmitting
SEAlink program to use sliding windows. Telink time zone and file
name considerations apply to SEAlink. In addition, because SEAlink
uses all 256 of the possible 8 bit codes for both data transfer and
protocol management, some modems and networks that operate with XMODEM
__________
4. ZCOMM's rt and st commands were verified with Minitel 3.0 by Tom
Jenning's Fido Software; other Programs may not produce the same
results.
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will not accommodate SEAlink. As with the MODEM7 and Clink protocols
mentioned above, the SEAlink protocol is included for convenience in
situations where the YMODEM and ZMODEM protocols are not
implemented.[5]
EXAMPLE: zmodem pZ120; sb file1.ext *.baz Sends the specified files
to a SEAlink program with a 2 hour time zone adjustment.
EXAMPLE: rb -z60 Receives one or more files from a SEAlink program
with a 60 minute time zone adjustment.
__________
5. ZCOMM's SEAlink was verified with CLINK 1.13 by Systems
Enhancement Associates. Other Programs may not produce the same
results because of ambiguities in the SEAlink documentation and
undocumented protocol variants.
(C) 1990 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 13 Protocol File Transfers